[英语学习--活动]常用英文词根（部分）

引用

amble 漫步
My friends and I - for a whole afternoon, enjoying the spring flowers and the singing of the birds near the lake.
ambulance 救护车
He was an - driver taking the wounded to the hospitals.
ambulatory 行走的
All the - patients were moved to another floor.
perambulator 小儿摇篮车
In the United States a - is usually called a 'stroller'.
somnambulist 梦游者
When we were children, we used to tease my cousin because he was a -.

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animal 生灵，动物
An – differs from a plant in that it can move and feel.
animated 动画的，能活动的，生气勃勃的
One of the most well-known – movies is ‘Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs’.
animation 动画片制作
The making of cartoons requires many hours of work by artists skilled in – techniques.
equanimity 平静，沉着，镇定
It is wonderful when there is – between different races.
inanimate 非生命的，没精打采的，无生命的
A rock is thought of as an – object.

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anniversary 周年纪念
My parents celebrated their twenty-fifty wedding – last month.
Anno Domini (AD) 公元
All over the world there will be huge celebrations of the end of the century in the year 2000 A.D.
annual 每年的，年度的
Each year we turn in our – report on December 31.
centenarian 百岁老人
If my mother lives to be one hundred years olds, she will be a -.
millennium 一千年，千年期，千周年纪念日
The Third – after the birth of Christ will begin on 1 January 2001 A.D.

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aquamarine 宝蓝色的，海蓝色的
I have a beautiful ring made from the – stone.
aquarius 宝瓶座
There is a constellation in the sky called – because it resembles a man pouring water from a jug.
aqueduct 沟渠，高架渠，导水渠道
The ancient Romans built many – to channel the water for trading purposes and agriculture.
aqueous 水的，含水的，水状的
This painting has an – look to it; it is a remarkable watercolor work.
aquifer 导水管，汗水土层
An area underground through which a channel of water can flow is called a natural -.

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disaster 灾难，不幸
During the classical Age of Greece, people believed that a – was caused by Fate or the gods of the underworld.
astrology 占星术， 星象学
Even today many people throughout the world believe in -.
astronaut 宇航员，航天者
The first man to walk on the moon was the – Neil Armstrong.
astronomical 天文学的，极大的，庞大的
When my Dad saw the repair bill for the wrecked car, he exclaimed, ‘This charge is -! I could buy a new car for this much money!’
astronomy 天文学
Our professor of – took us to the planetarium to look through the huge telescope at the planets.

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audible 可听见的
The noise of her voice was barely -; I could hardly hear her speak in class.
audience 听众，观众
When we perform our drama, we hope the – will be able to hear our voices well.
audiology 听觉学
- is a science which should be able to help those people who have hearing impairment.
auditor 听者，旁听生，查帐员
An accountant is sometimes called an -.
inaudible 听不见的
The sound of a fish swimming is usually – to the human ear.

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auction 拍卖
Many people like to attend an art – to see how high the prices will go as people bid competitively.
augment 增加，扩大
We all hope that our salaries will be –ed before the end of the year.
authority 权，权力
When Mr. Wang was elected president, he was given the – to make several important political appointments.
authorization 授权，委任
Travelers cannot enter a foreign country without the – of a passport and visa.
authorize 授权，委任，委托
The director –d his assistant to sign documents for him.

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bible 圣经，经书，权威性的书
A book which tells the most important beliefs of a religion can be called a -.
biblical 圣经的
The story of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden is a - tale.
bibliographical 有关参考书的目录的，作品目录的
All – material must be cited at the end of your research paper.
bibliography 作品目录，书目，参考书目，节目提要，目录学
Our research papers must include a – at the end so that the professor will know which books we consulted for our information.
bibliophile 书痴，藏书家
We all called the smartest boy in the class a – because he loved books so much.

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biodegradable 可生物分解的，自然分解的
All vegetable matter is – in our world, but many plastics are not.
biological 生物学的
The – changes in a frog are amazing; it grows from an egg to a tadpole to a frog in just a few weeks.
bionic 仿生学的
That man is wearing a – arm; it looks so real that you would hardly know that it is mechanical.
biosphere （地球表层）生命层， 生物圈，生物大气层
Scientists tell us that the ozone layer of our – is slowly being destroyed by air pollution.
symbiosis 共生，共栖
When two plants mutually help each other’s growth, the process is called -.

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capital 首都，国都，省会
The – of any country is the city where the governmental power is located.
capitalism 资本主义，资本主义制度
The economic system of the United States of America is called -.
capitalize 强调，突出
When being interviewed for a new job, the applicant should be sure to – on her qualifications.
capitalist 资本家
A person who owns and runs his own profit-making business may be called a -.
recapitulate 扼要重述，摘要说明
At the end of each day’s lesson, the teacher would always – the main points.

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centre 中心，中央，中间派
She is such a popular girl that she is always the - of attention.
centrifugal 离心的，利用离心力的
In a scientific laboratory, experiments often use - force in order to separate certain chemical elements.
concentrate 专心，集中，浓缩，密集
When I - all my ideas and knowledge, I am more able to make a wise decision on a given problem.
epicenter 震中，震源
The - of the destructive earthquake was located in the northwest part of China.
ethnocentrism 种族至上，种族优越感，种族中心主义
Anthropologists tell us that - is sometimes necessary in order to preserve the customs and practices of a particular tribe.

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accredit 承认合格，认可
A university must be - in order for the students to receive a valid certificate of completion.
credence 相信，信任
Any scientific theory must be proved before the government health authorities will grant - to a new procedure.
creditor 债主，债权人
It is basic business practice to pay a - when the payment is due.
credo 信条，信仰
My personal - is optimistic; I always hope for the best.
creed 信仰，心跳，教义
Any - will have a set of ideas which are believable.

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dandelion 蒲公英 源自法语 dent de lion，字面意思为“狮子的牙齿”
The flower we call - has yellow petals which look like the teeth of a lion.
dentifrice 洁牙品，牙膏
What kind of - do you use when you clean your teeth?
dentist 牙医
A good - will be very gentle when he repairs teeth.
denture 假牙
If - must be worn, it is important that they fit exactly or the user will not be able to chew properly.
orthodontist 畸齿矫正医生
Elisabeth wore braces on her teeth for several years in order to make them straight instead of crooked; she had to see the - once each month.

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docent 讲师，向导
A - in the museum has to know everything about her subject matter just like a classroom teacher.
docile 易管教的，驯服的
A dog-trainer prefers - animals, especially young dogs which are easier to teach.
doctrine 教义，心跳
Every religion in the world has basic - or teachings.
documentary 文献片，影片，记录影片
Television documentaries can be effectively used in the classroom to teach a special lesson.
postdoctoral 博士后的
University professors usually keep up with the new theories in their particular subject by periodic - training.

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infer 推断，推论，猜想
Sometimes your words - more than one meaning; they may carry confusing information.
interfere 干涉，干预，打扰，妨碍
Sometimes a small child will - with his parent's work because he wants attention.
suffer 遭受，蒙受，受苦
During the war the people -d a great deal from the pains of hunger and poverty.
transfer 转移，传送，传输
The registrar of the university will - your grade records to the Graduate Office.
vociferous 叫喊的，吵闹的，大声喧哗的
That loudmouth is the most - man I've ever met!

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affidavit 宣誓书，口供书
The - of the sale of my property had to be sworn and signed in the presence of a lawyer to make it a legal document.
confident 密友，知己，心腹
Often a best friend will be the most trustworthy -.
fidelity 忠诚，忠实，逼真，精确
One of the most important characteristics in a marriage is -.
fiduciary 信托的，信任的
The bank was named The Central - Trust Bank.
perfidy 背叛，出卖，背信弃义
The General found that some of his most trusted officers were against him; they had committed -.

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disfigure 损害，玷污，回容，毁损外形
When vandals broke into the building, they -d the walls and windows with painted words and drawings.
figment 虚构，臆造的事物
Most people think that ghost is just a - of a vivid imagination.
figurine 小塑像，小雕像
My grandmother likes to collect small -s of animals to keep on a shelf in her bedroom.
prefigure 预示，预见，预言，预兆
The rules of the competition had been -d by the committee before they were announced to the competitors.
transfigure 使变样，使改观
When the students dressed elegantly and fixed their hair and make-up for the program, I thought they had been -d into adults!

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affinity 亲切，密切关系
Most people feel an - of pleasure towards little children.
confine 限制，禁止
The crowds watching the parade had to be -d behind the barriers.
finery 华丽的服饰，漂亮，时髦 显示一定限度（质量）的服装和装饰
During Chinese New Year, everyone in the family likes to wear their -, or their best clothes.
finis 结尾，终止
At the end of a novel you might find the word '-'.
refine 改进，精练
Sometimes parents need to - the behavior of their unruly child.

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aboriginal 原始的，土著的，土著人的
The - tribes in Australia have been shrinking in numbers of r many years; it is feared that they may become extinct someday.
engender 产生，引起
It seems a miracle of nature that a mighty oak tree is -ed in a tiny acorn.
genesis 创始，发生
The - of the discovery of radium came about when Madam Marie Curie began to keep careful records of the results of her chemical experiments.
genteel When we were little girls, our mothers taught us to behave ourselves in a - manner when we were in public places.
progeny 后裔，后代，子女
All parents fell that their own - should be perfect.

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aggregate 聚集，成群，总计
Sometimes in a scientific experiment, certain minerals will - to form a mass, a crystal, or a rock.
congregate 集合
The members of the club will - on Saturday morning for a one-day trip to the mountains.
egregious 过分的，惊人的 处于群体之外的（贬义）
He was remembered not for his positive contributions, but for his - mistakes which seriously hurt the success of our team.
gregarious 群集的，爱交际的，合群的
The workers in our factory are quite - because they have similar backgrounds and families.
segregate 使分离，使隔离
When we - the boys from the girls, both groups will change the way they work together.

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hyperbole （修辞）夸张法
Nobody ever believed Joan's Description of an event because she always used outrageous -.
hypercritical 吹毛求疵的，过于挑剔的，过分苛求的
No matter how well an instrumentalist performs, that reporter will be - of the program; she never gives very complimentary reviews.
hypersensitive （体质）过敏的，过分敏感的，感情脆弱的
Oh, please don't worry about my sister; she is so - that she gets her feelings hurt over the slightest remark.
hypertense 过于紧张，压力过大的
The test takers all felt - before the examination began, but were relieved when it was finished.
hyperventilate 呼吸过快，气息过于急促
The little girl who won the grand prize was so excited that she began to -.

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hypocrisy 虚伪，伪善
Many a politician is guilty of - when tryiing to gain the confidence of the people; we can say that he or she shows a false front to make a good impression.
hypocrite 伪君子
Those girls a re really hypocrites because they only pretend to like the teacher so she will favor them.
hypodermic 皮下的，皮下组织的
When I stepped on a nail, the nurse gave me a - injection in my arm for the prevention of tetanus.

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adjunct 附属的
This college is - to the main university in the capital city.
conjugal 婚姻的，夫妻间的
A - relationship means that two people have joined in marriage legally.
enjoin 嘱咐，责成，命令
The father -ed his son to obey his wishes to enter the army.
juncture 交界处，关头，时机
At this particular - in time, we must make a firm decision about the proposal.
subjugate 使屈服，使服从
Single women are often -d to unfair rental practices.

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collapse 倒塌，崩溃，衰弱，暴跌
The - of the Roman Empire was partly the result of corruption and greed.
elapse （时间）流失，消逝
Do not let too much time - before you answer an important letter; you might miss a wonderful opportunity.
lapse 失误，小错
Sometimes it is embarrassing when you forget someone's name due to a sudden - of memory.
lapsus linguae 口误，失言，讲错
A - can occur if you try to talk too fast; you might make a bad mistake.
prolapse 脱落，下垂
It is a serious medical problem when a vital organ in the human body in -d, or fallen from its normal position.

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collate 对照，核对，（装订）整理
When we duplicate a number of pages of printed materials, the pages must be -d in numerical order.
colleague 同事，同僚
THe English Department encourages cooperation and dialogue among the -s who teach the same students.
diligent 勤奋，用功的
James is one of the most - students I teach, because his work is always on time and well done.
elect 选举，推选，选择
We will - new club officers at the next meeting.
legion 军团，大批军队
The Roman general Julius Caesar led many -s of soldiers into Gaul.

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anthropologist 人类学家
archaeologist 考古学家
astrologist 占星师
entomology 昆虫学
ornithology 鸟类学
（这一系列有很多，就不一一例举了）

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emancipate 解放，使不受束缚
In the United States, the Civil War of 1860-1865 was fought over the issue of whether or not to - the slaves.
manacle 手铐，束缚
The prisoner was led away with -s on his hands.
manipulate 操作，操纵，应付
A Drummer must be able to - several different percussion instruments at the same time.
manufacture 制造，加工
This is the factory where toys and dolls a -d.
manuscript 手稿，底稿，手写本，原稿
In the Middles Ages before the invention of the printing press, all documents were carefully written -s.

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diameter 直径
The - of a circle can be measured if you know the exact center.
odometer 里程表
If the driver wants to record the distance he travels, he can set the - in the car at the beginning of the trip.
pedometer 计步器
According to the -, I walked eight miles yesterday.
symmetrical 对称的
In accounting, a list of figures should be in - columns.
thermometer 温度计，寒暑表
A nurse uses a - to see if the sick patient has a high fever.

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microbe 微生物，细菌
A serious illness can begin with one small -.
microcosm 微观世界，小天地，小宇宙
Sometimes an anthill may be viewed as a - of the larger world because every ant must cooperate and do its own job if the anthill is to prosper and survive.
microphone 扩音器，麦克风，微型话筒
The announcer of the programme used a - so that everyone in the audience could hear her voice.

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monarch 君主，最高统治者
Brunei is one of the few countries in the world which are ruled by a -.
monarchy 君主制，君主政体
Great Britain cannot exactly be called a - because it also has an elected parliament and a prime minister.
monochromatic 单色的
An artist might a - wall to display his colorful paintings.
monologue 独白
Each contestant in the speech competition were expected to deliver one of the famous - from Shakespeare.
monotony 单调，无变化，千篇一律
The class is so boring that we all felt we would die from -.

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innate 天生的，有天赋的，生来的，先天的，遗传的
Some people believe that artistic ability is - in children.
nascent 初生的，不成熟的
We all agreed that the child is born with - abilities which will become apparent as she or he develops and grows.
natal 出生的，诞生时的
The - day is also called birthday.
prenatal 畜生前的，胎儿期的
Every pregnant woman should seek - care for the health and well-being of her baby.
unnatural 不自然的，反常的
It would be quite - for a cat to enjoy swimming; cats are born with a distaste for getting wet.

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appeal 吸引力，感染力，号召力，恳求
Baby animals always seem to have more - than older ones.
compel 强迫，被迫，迫使
The soldiers were -led to follow the orders of the company sergeant.
dispel 强制的，必修的
The doctor -led my anxiety about my child's health.
expel 驱逐，赶走，开除，排出，发射
A student who repeatedly breaks the rules intentionally may be -led from school for a week or longer.
propel 推动，推进
It takes strength to be able to - a boat upstream against the current.

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append 附加，添加，贴上，挂上
The council -ed another resolution to the end of the regulation making it illegal for anyone to smoke in the hallway.
appendage 附件，附属品，挂件
The human body has four -s: two arms and two legs.
appendix 阑尾
The - is an organ in the human body which has no apparent function nowadays, although doctors believe that it did at one time.
compensation 报酬，酬金
Every factory worker wants to have fair - for the work that he or she does.
pending 悬而未决的
The decision of the city council is still - because of a shortage of funds.

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bibliophile 书籍爱好着，藏书者
Mr. Anderson-Furgeson is a true - because he collects books that he will never even have time to read.
Philadelphia 费城（城市名，意为“兄弟的爱”）
philanderer 爱情不转移的男子
Society usually condemns a - because he takes the love of the wife of some other man.
philanthropy 慈善，善行，善心
Many a worthy but poor student has been able to get a good education through the - of a wealthy alumnus.
philosophy 哲学
- was my favorite undergraduate course.

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acrophobia 畏高症
Many people have a feeling of - when they are standing on the edge of a steep cliff.
claustrophobia 幽闭恐怖症
hydrophobia 恐水症
xenophobia 排外症

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megaphone 扩音器，麦克风，传声筒
The leader of the drill team had to use a - to make his voice bigger or louder when he was giving directions to the marchers.
phoneme 音位，音素
Linguistic research must include the study of -s.
phonograph 留声机，电唱机
In the 1960's a -record was the chief means of hearing recorded music.
symphony 交响乐
Our city has an excellent - orchestra under the direction of the famous Mr. Sun Kwak.
xylophone 木琴
Hawaiian must often uses the - for a special tone and effect.

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cosmopolitan 世界性的
New York City is one of the most - places in the world.
metropolis 大都会，大都市，首府
A good example of a - is Paris or London or Tokyo.
policlinic 综合门诊所
A - will usually treat anyone who is seriously ill, even if that person cannot pay for the medical treatment.
polity 政治形态， 政体
Once a year the officials of our university meet for the sole propose of studying and revising the - of the school.

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polyandry 一妻多夫制
Some African tribes have women who practice -; they may have several husbands.
polychrome 多彩的，彩饰的
A rainbow is a beautiful - refraction of light from rain drops; the suns rays must be in a slanted position.
polygon 多边形，多角形
The combination of chemical elements in many of the earth's substances may take the form of a -.

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apposition 并列，同位
In the next sentence, 'John Walker' and 'the director' are put in -.
appositive 同位语
In a sentence two nouns may be used as -.
deposit 放下，存放，储蓄
It is safer to - your money in a bank than to hide it under your mattress.
dispose 处理，放置
Citizens are asked to - of all garbage in proper receptacles.
oppose 反对，反抗，对抗
The two young women -d each other in the election; both of them wanted to be elected secretary.

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deport 驱逐处境，放逐
A person who is not a citizen of this country may be -ed if he engages in illegal business.
export 输出，运走，带走
China is now -ing rice to many different countries.
import 进口，输入
The country -s tropical fruits from Central America.
portfolio 公事包，文件夹，卷宗
A model will usually carry photographs of herself in a -.
purport 声称，意指
The family is -ed to have spent a fortune on their daughter's wedding party.

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correct 改正，纠正，矫正，校正
After the teacher returns the graded tests to the students, she makes them correct their errors.
direct 指引
Often a policeman will be able to - you to the place you are trying to locate.
erect 建立，使竖立
It took the builders only six months to - the new music building.
rectangle 长方形
The dormitory rooms are all exactly the same size -s; there are no curved walls.
regicide 弑君，弑君者
In Shakespeare’s drama 'Hamlet', Hamlet accuses his uncle and his mother of committing - because he believes they have killed his father.

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abrupt 突然的，出其不意的
Miss Cao's departure was so - that I was afraid she had received an emergency telephone call.
bankrupt 破产的，无力还债的
Many people went - when the stock market crashed in 1929 in the United States; some were so distraught that they committed suicide.
corrupt 腐败的，贪污的
If the leaders are - the whole system will break down.
disrupt 扰乱，破坏
It was a shame that those noisy people -ed the guest speaker's address; we felt embarrassed.
rupture 破裂，断裂
It is quite a serious medical problem when there is a - of the appendix.

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conscience 良知，良心，道德心
One of the most important tasks of a parent is to instill a healthy - in the child, so that he or she will know right from wrong.
omniscient 无所不知的
In literature, the voice of the - narrator often tells the story as though the reader can get inside the mind of each character.
prescience 预知，先见
Sometimes a coincidence will occur in life which makes us think that there was actually a - or foreknowledge by one or more of those involved.
unconscious 无意识的，失去意识的，无知觉的
A person who walks and talks while asleep is truly - of what he or she is doing.

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microscope 显微镜
In biology class, all the students had an opportunity to look at all the details in a drop of water under the -.
periscope 潜望镜
When a submarine ship is going to emerge from underneath the water, the - is put up above the surface to see if there are any dangers in sight.
scope 审视
The army scout was sent ahead of the troops to - out the situation.
telescope 望远镜
The giant - has been able to bring valuable new knowledge about the planets and outer space.

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circumstance 景况，境遇
One look at the old man and we could tell that the -s of his home and family were very humble and simple, but happy and loving.
constancy 坚定，坚贞，经久不变
- is an attribute which all sweethearts expect of each other; they must stand together and support one another.
estate 财产，产业，遗产
After the old man died, the heirs were surprised at how little his - had become; most of his property had been sold to pay the medical bills.
install 任命，使就职，装设
The new officers of the Student Council will be -ed next week in special ceremony.
substitution 代，代替，替换
With only two minutes left in the exciting basketball game, the coach made a crucial - of one player; it was good strategy, for our team won the game by only one point.

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symbiosis 共生的
The circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide through human and plant breathing is actually a - relationship between the two.
syllabus 教学大纲
Most college professors will give students a - at the begging of a course.
synchronize 使同步
Before the invasion, all the officers -d their watches so that they would carry out their orders at the correct time.
system 系统，体制
This city has a fine transit - which runs on an accurate time schedule.

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content 目录，内容，容量，含量
The - of the report concerns the new building plans.
continent 大陆，洲，陆地
Asia is the largest - on earth.
detain 扣留，拘押，留住，使延迟
If a student does not pass the required courses in school, he or she may be -d from graduation.

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attest 证明，作证，赞同
All of Li Mei's teachers -ed to her excellence in scholarship.
contest 竞赛
On Saturday morning there will be an arm wrestling -.
detest 憎恶，厌恶，讨厌
Our choral director told us that she -ed chewing gum.
protest 抗议，反对，声明，断言
We felt that our - was a legitimate one; prices in the marketplace had risen too much and without warning.
testament 遗嘱，遗言，确实的证明 有证人目击的遗言
The outpouring of grief and sorrow when the president died was a - to the excellence and honesty of his leadership.

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avail 利益，效用
The people began to feel that the costs and deprivations caused by the war were to no -.
convalesce 恢复健康
My father was convalescing for many months after his crippling stroke.
evaluate 求值，定...的价或者效率，评价
At the end of the semester each teach has to - the performance of the students.
valedictory 告别的，辞别的
The - speech was presented by Miss Yan at our graduation ceremony.
validate 确认，使有效
A handwritten legal document must be -d by the signature of a notary public.

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advent 来临，到来
Most people welcome the - of the spring and the end of winter.
convene 召集，集合
The meeting of the Board of Trustees will - at exactly 7:00 p.m.; we hope that you will be in attendance.
covenant 契约，盟约
The wedding ceremony is a -, or agreement, between a man and a woman who love each other and want to be married.
eventual 最后
The - coming together of the two peace makers was world-changing in its scope and intensity. (两个调停人最终走到一起，此举无论影响面还是强度都足以改变世界)
intervene 干涉，介入，调停
The mother had to - in the argument her two daughters were having with each other.

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envision 展望，预想
Most parents - a better life for their children than they themselves had.
evident 显而易见的
Nicki's surprise and delight were - when we showed up for her birthday celebration.
improvise 即兴表演
The mark of excellence of a comedian is being able to - without prior notice, without seeing a script beforehand.
revise 校阅，修订，修正，复习
About six weeks before the O-level examination, the teacher began to - the year's work for the students.
supervision 监督，监护，监管
Any group of small children must have - by an adult.

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convivial 快活的，爱吃喝玩乐的
We spent a - evening with our friends laughing and talking.
c.v. (curriculum vitae) 履历，简历
When you apply for a new job, the first thing you must prepare for the interviewer is a complete -.
revive 复活，复兴，苏醒
The lifeguard successfully -d the swimmer who almost drowned in the city swimming pool.
vitality 活力，生命力，元气，生机，生气
The school band played with grate-; everyone was clapping to the music.
vivid （光，色）鲜明的，鲜艳的，活跃的，逼真的，生动的
Yesterday evening the sunset sky was filled with - colors.